The American Institute of Nutrition (AIN) Ad Hoc committee lists Cr as a “potentially” beneficial ultra trace element for rodents. Dietary Reference Values for Cr were not established for the European Union because it was judged that there is no evidence of essentiality of Cr in animal nutrition or of beneficial effects associated with Cr intake in healthy people. A more recent review (2014) by the European Food Safety Authority Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies concluded that the essential function of Cr in metabolism has not been substantiated and studies aimed at inducing Cr deficiency in animals have produced inconsistent results. The National Academy of Medicine considers trivalent chromium (Cr) an essential nutrient with a function in potentiating the action of insulin. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.įunding: This research was funded by the Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Health Canada. Received: SeptemAccepted: JanuPublished: January 26, 2023Ĭopyright: © 2023 Bertinato, Griffin. Moran, Universidad de Extremadura Facultad de Enfermeria y Terapia Ocupacional, SPAIN These data show that low dietary Cr affects metabolic parameters common in chronic diseases underscoring the need for clinical trials to define the nutritional and/or pharmacological effects of Cr.Ĭitation: Bertinato J, Griffin P (2023) A low chromium diet increases body fat, energy intake and circulating triglycerides and insulin in male and female rats fed a moderately high-fat, high-sucrose diet from peripuberty to young adult age. Effects were similar in both sexes and not observed in the HCr group. At the end of the study, whole-body fat, accrued body fat from baseline and fasting serum triglycerides were higher in the LCr group compared to the NCr group. Following an oral glucose challenge (Day 77), dietary chromium levels did not affect plasma glucose, but fasting plasma insulin and insulin at 30 and 60 min after dosing were higher in the LCr group compared to the NCr group. Compared to the NCr group, the LCr group weighed more (p<0.01) and consumed more energy (food) from Day 56 onwards, but food efficiency was unaffected. At baseline, body weights and composition were similar (p≥0.05) among diet groups. Diets were fed ad libitum for 12 weeks (83 days). Sprague-Dawley CD rats (n = 10 males and 10 females/group) at 35 days of age were assigned by weight to the low (LCr, 0.33 ± 0.06 mg/kg), normal (NCr, 1.20 ± 0.11 mg/kg) or high (HCr, 9.15 ± 0.65 mg/kg) Cr diets. This study examined the effects of different levels of dietary Cr on body weight, body composition, energy intake, food efficiency and metabolic parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism in male and female rats when fed from peripuberty to young adult age in the background of a moderately high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Cr is recommended at 1 mg per kg in rodent diets. Cr is listed as a potentially beneficial element for rodents based on studies that show feeding low quantities affect glucose metabolism. Trivalent chromium (Cr) may function to potentiate the action of insulin, but the effects of chromium intakes on metabolic parameters are unclear.
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